Squatters!

By: Paul Howard

Our eviction business has seen a sizeable increase in the number of squatters moving into empty rental units. The stories are similar. The landlord discovers strangers have taken up residency in their rental home. Naturally, they are angry and worried. Will they become violent? Will they destroy the house? How do I get them out?


Often, the landlord will call the police to report the intruders hoping an officer will thrown them out, only to learn the cops can’t do anything. They say its a civil matter. 


What You Can Do


Florida Statutes § 82.035 offers landlords a way to remove unauthorized occupants, like squatters, from their rental property.  As a non-lawyer, I understand the statute to mean that if someone is living in your property without permission, you can submit a sworn affidavit to law enforcement, who may remove them immediately. The challenge can be finding an Officer willing to act on it. 


Keep in mind, forcing someone out of a home is a very big deal.  So, it's easy to understand why the police are cautious in such cases because a mistake could lead to big legal trouble for them. Despite your affidavit, many officers will avoid the risk and suggest going to court for a formal eviction. Fortunately, evicting squatters through the courts is usually a simple task and can take several weeks; and, there are many notable exceptions. Here are just a few:




Here is the Statute:  Chapter 82 of the Florida Statues offers a remedy to the problem of squatters taking over your property.  Here is part of that statue (to see the entire statute Click Here).


82.035 Remedy for unlawful detention by a transient occupant of residential property; recovery of transient occupant’s personal belongings.—


(1) As used in this section, the term “transient occupant” means a person whose residency in real property intended for residential use has occurred for a brief length of time, is not pursuant to a lease, and whose occupancy was intended as transient in nature.

(a) Factors that establish that a person is a transient occupant include, but are not limited to:

1. The person does not have an ownership interest, financial interest, or leasehold interest in the property entitling him or her to occupancy of the property.

2. The person does not have any property utility subscriptions.

3. The person cannot produce documentation, correspondence, or identification cards sent or issued by a government agency, including, but not limited to, the Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles or the supervisor of elections, which show that the person used the property address as an address of record with the agency within the previous 12 months.

4. The person pays minimal or no rent for his or her stay at the property.

5. The person does not have a designated space of his or her own, such as a room, at the property.

6. The person has minimal, if any, personal belongings at the property.

7. The person has an apparent permanent residence elsewhere.

    (b) Minor contributions made for the purchase of household goods, or minor contributions towards other household expenses, do not establish residency.


(2) A transient occupant unlawfully detains a residential property if the transient occupant remains in occupancy of the residential property after the party entitled to possession of the property has directed the transient occupant to leave. A transient occupancy terminates when a transient occupant begins to reside elsewhere, surrenders the key to the dwelling, or leaves the dwelling when directed by a law enforcement officer in receipt of an affidavit under subsection

the party entitled to possession, or a court. A transient occupancy is not extended by the presence of personal belongings of a former transient occupant.


(3) Any law enforcement officer may, upon receipt of a sworn affidavit of the party entitled to possession that a person who is a transient occupant is unlawfully detaining residential property, direct a transient occupant to surrender possession of residential property. The sworn affidavit must set forth the facts, including the applicable factors listed in paragraph (1)(a), which establish that a transient occupant is unlawfully detaining residential property.  (Emphasis added)



Get Prepared

Rather than wait to see if someone would do this to me, I got prepared in advance.  First, I downloaded this affidavit (Click Here)   keeping it close in case I need it.  Then if I find squatters in my rental, I will complete the affidavit and go to the Property Appraiser's database and print the Property Record Card, which will show that I am the owner of the property. (If you own the property in an LLC or Corp, go to Sunbiz (https://dos.fl.gov/sunbiz/search/) and print out the record card to show who owns the LLC or Corp and finally, I will print out the page from the Jacksonville Sheriffs Office titled: Unauthorized Occupants (Squatters)  (Click Here).


Then, I will call the Sheriff and present these documents to the Deputy and ask him to force out the occupants.  If he or she isn't comfortable with that, I will hold my tongue.  They have a lot to loose if they get this wrong. 


So, if this happens, I will deliver a notice of "Unlawful Occupation" and three days later, I will file eviction in Court and after the Court signs the Final Judgment I will obtain a Writ of Possession. This time the Sheriff WILL boot out the occupant and I get my house back.


One more thing, given that we all have ten million new neighbors (illegal immigrants) living in America, it is probably prudent for you to check on your vacant properties very regularly.


###


Back to Asking The Sheriff Remove Squatters

The following is from the Jacksonville Sheriff's Office website (Click Here)  The procedure is a state law so every Florida sheriff should honor these procedures.


Unauthorized Occupants (Squatters)

Effective Monday, July 1, 2024, section 82.036 of Florida State Statute has been created to provide a limited alternative remedy to remove unauthorized persons from residential real property. If you are the owner or authorized agent of residential property, and the property is unlawfully occupied by persons who are refusing to vacate, you can request the Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office to remove the unauthorized persons from the property. In order for the Jacksonville Sheriff’s Office to enforce F.S.S. 82.036, ALL of the following conditions must be met:

 

  • The requesting person is the property owner or authorized agent of the property owner.
  •  The real property that is being occupied includes a residential dwelling.
  • An unauthorized person or persons have unlawfully entered and remain or continue to reside on the property owner's property.
  • The real property was not open to members of the public at the time the unauthorized person or persons entered.
  • The property owner has directed the unauthorized person to leave the property.
  • The unauthorized person or persons are not current or former tenants pursuant to a written or oral rental agreement authorized by the property owner.
  • The unauthorized person or persons are not immediate family members of the property owner.
  • There is no pending litigation related to the real property between the property owner and any known unauthorized person.


As the owner or authorized agent, you must complete a Complaint to Remove Persons Unlawfully Occupying Residential Real Estate Property (P-0886). This form must be completed in its entirety with the required supporting documentation of a copy of a government issued identification attached, and for authorized agents, a power of attorney or other legal documents evidencing authority to act on the property owner’s behalf.  This form is completed under penalty of perjury. 


Once the form is completed, the owner or authorized agent is instructed to call JSO's non-emergency number, 904.630.0500. 

 


###


* Special Notice:   Paul Howard and The Florida Landlord Network are an independent, non-attorney service. We urge you to consult an attorney before using any document or described procedure found herein. Neither are licensed by the Florida Bar to practice law and are not authorized to give legal advice or tell you your legal rights. By using our website or any service or document produced and/or published by us, you indicate that you understand and agree to our Legal Disclaimer.


By Paul Howard March 11, 2026
Accidental Landlords on the Rise A growing number of homeowners are turning unsold homes into rental properties, creating what housing analysts call “accidental landlords.” Recent research shows this trend has reached its highest level in roughly three years as the housing market shifts in favor of buyers. The phenomenon occurs when owners who originally planned to sell a home decide instead to rent it out after failing to secure the price they expected.
FTC May Regulate Rental Fees
By Paul Howard March 11, 2026
FTC May Regulate Rental Fees What Landlords Need to Know About New Federal Rules Federal regulators examine pricing transparency in the rental market Federal regulators are taking a closer look at fees charged to renters, and the outcome could eventually affect landlords and property managers across the country. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has begun the early stages of a rulemaking process aimed at improving transparency in rental housing pricing. The agency is examining whether certain rental-related fees are being presented to consumers in ways that could be misleading or confusing. Although no final rule has been adopted, the move signals that federal regulators are increasingly interested in how rental prices and associated fees are disclosed to tenants. The FTC’s Early Rulemaking Process In early 2026, the FTC submitted an Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) related to rental housing fees. This step starts the federal rulemaking process and allows regulators to gather information before deciding whether to propose formal regulations. If the agency moves forward, the process would include: Publication of a proposed rule A public comment period Review of industry feedback A final rule vote by the commission This process can take considerable time, and it is not certain that a final regulation will emerge. However, the issue has clearly gained attention in Washington. Why Regulators Are Interested in Rental Fees The discussion around rental housing fees is part of a broader federal campaign against what regulators often call “junk fees.” These are charges that consumers may not see until later in the purchasing process. In rental housing, examples could include: Administrative fees Mandatory technology or service packages Application processing fees Required utility or amenity fees Move-in or inspection charges Consumer advocates argue that renters should see the total cost of housing upfront, rather than discovering additional charges later in the leasing process. Landlords and property managers, on the other hand, often note that some fees reflect legitimate costs associated with operating and maintaining rental properties. Earlier FTC Action in Other Industries The FTC has already taken action in other markets where fees were not clearly disclosed. In 2024 the agency adopted regulations requiring businesses in the ticketing and short-term lodging industries to disclose mandatory charges as part of the advertised price. Although that rule did not apply to traditional long-term rental housing, it demonstrated the type of transparency rules regulators may consider in other industries—including residential rentals. Property-Management Software Also Under Scrutiny Federal regulators have also recently contacted several companies that provide property-management software used by landlords and apartment operators. The FTC raised concerns that some platforms might make it difficult for landlords to display the full monthly cost of renting a unit, including mandatory charges. The agency warned that failing to clearly disclose required fees could potentially raise issues under federal laws prohibiting unfair or deceptive business practices. What This Could Mean for Florida Landlords While the FTC proposal is federal and still in its early stages, Florida landlords should also be aware of state-level developments affecting rental fees and disclosures. Several issues in Florida already intersect with the same transparency concerns regulators are discussing in Washington. Florida Law Already Regulates Certain Fees Florida law allows landlords to charge various fees, but some charges are specifically addressed by statute. For example: Application Fees Florida law allows landlords to charge application fees for screening tenants. However, landlords should clearly disclose these charges before accepting an application. Security Deposits Florida Statute §83.49 governs how security deposits must be handled, including requirements for holding deposits in separate accounts and providing written notice to tenants. Advance Rent and Fees Landlords commonly collect first month’s rent, last month’s rent, and a security deposit at move-in. These amounts should always be clearly explained in the lease agreement. Failure to properly document these charges can sometimes lead to disputes when a tenancy ends. Local Governments Are Watching Rental Fees Although Florida has strong state preemption laws limiting local regulation of rental housing, some municipalities and advocacy groups have shown interest in issues such as: Application fees Administrative fees Late fees Mandatory service packages If federal rules emerge, these local discussions could gain additional momentum. Advertising and Pricing Transparency Another issue landlords should pay attention to is how rental prices are advertised. If federal rules eventually require that mandatory fees be included in advertised rent prices, landlords and property managers may need to adjust how they list rental properties on websites or online marketplaces. Clear and consistent pricing disclosures could become an important compliance issue. Practical Advice for Florida Landlords Even before any federal regulation is adopted, landlords can reduce risk by following a few best practices: Disclose all fees clearly. Tenants should understand every charge before signing a lease. List recurring charges in writing. Monthly service fees, technology packages, or utility pass-through charges should be spelled out in the lease. Avoid surprises during move-in. Unexpected charges are one of the most common causes of tenant complaints. Keep application fee policies consistent. Applying the same screening policies to all applicants can reduce disputes. The Bottom Line The FTC’s exploration of rental housing fees is still in its early stages, but it reflects a broader national conversation about pricing transparency in the housing market. Whether federal rules ultimately emerge or not, landlords—especially in states like Florida with active rental markets—may benefit from reviewing how their fees are disclosed and documented. Clear communication with tenants about the true cost of renting a property can help prevent misunderstandings and maintain smoother landlord-tenant relationships. Editor’s Note Some housing industry observers view the FTC’s interest in rental housing fees as potentially more significant than it may first appear. At the moment, federal regulators are focusing narrowly on fee transparency and disclosure practices. However, critics worry that this could represent the familiar regulatory pattern sometimes described as “the camel’s nose under the tent.” In other words, a limited rule addressing one issue may gradually expand into broader federal involvement in the rental housing market. Historically, residential landlord-tenant law has largely been governed at the state and local level. Landlord licensing requirements, eviction procedures, security deposit rules, and rent regulations are typically established by state legislatures and local governments. If federal agencies begin regulating pricing disclosures or rental fee structures, some property owners fear that the next steps could include additional federal standards related to: Lease terms and disclosures Tenant screening practices Fee limitations Late fee structures Eviction procedures Rent-setting policies Supporters of stronger federal oversight argue that nationwide standards could help prevent deceptive practices and make housing costs easier for renters to understand. Critics counter that expanding federal involvement could create one-size-fits-all rules that may not reflect the realities of local housing markets. At this stage, the FTC’s inquiry is limited to examining how rental fees are disclosed. But for many in the housing industry, the discussion raises a broader policy question: Should the federal government play a larger role in regulating residential rental housing, or should those decisions remain primarily with states and local communities? As the rulemaking process develops, landlords, property managers, and housing advocates across the country will be watching closely. PFH
By Paul Howard March 1, 2026
Most standard landlord insurance policies were never designed for Airbnb-style turnover.
Recent moves from U.S. financial regulators suggest that traditional banks could soon play a larger
By Paul Howard February 26, 2026
Recent moves from U.S. financial regulators suggest that traditional banks could soon play a larger role in mortgage lending again — potentially making loans easier and more affordable for qualified borrowers.
By Paul Howard February 16, 2026
In recent years, many landlords have encountered a troubling trend: tenants using complaints as leverage rather than protection.
By Paul Howard February 16, 2026
The Cost of Waiting: Why Delayed Evictions Hurt Florida Landlords More Than Ever
One of the most common — and preventable — mistakes is allowing adults to live in a rental property
By Paul Howard January 17, 2026
One of the most common mistakes is allowing adults to live in a rental property without being formally named on the lease
By Paul Howard January 17, 2026
After a period of rapid rent growth and historically low availability, many parts of the state are now moving through a normalization phase.
By Paul Howard December 3, 2025
Florida landlords have been divided on whether accepting Section 8 housing vouchers is a smart business move. But more owners are taking a fresh look at the program.
By Paul Howard December 3, 2025
Insurance remains the single biggest cost issue for Florida landlords in 2025. While still serious, developments suggest the worst may finally be behind us.
By Paul Howard December 3, 2025
Florida saw a massive surge of Wall Street-backed investor activity between 2020 and 2023. But 2024–2025 are telling a different story.
By Paul Howard December 3, 2025
Statewide vacancy rate: about 6.9%, up from 5.8% a year earlier, reflecting softer demand and a lot of new suppl
By Paul Howard September 24, 2025
Many housing providers believe certain situations justify denying an emotional support animal requests. Most of these ideas are myth.
By Paul Howard August 30, 2025
They said the Kansas Supreme Court ruling was a big win for a landlord because his tenant had to pay $21,000 in late fees. I think he lost.
By Paul Howard June 24, 2025
IMPORTANT: If you are a Landlord and you provide water to your tenants via pump and well, here is a page from the website of "America's Largest Injury Law Firm". This looks like a new market for them and that should get your attention!
By Paul Howard May 18, 2025
In 2025, Florida’s home insurance premiums average $5,376 annually for $300,000 in coverage—over double the national average of $2,181—driven by hurricanes, inflation, litigation, and attorney fees.
By Paul Howard May 18, 2025
By leveraging standard depreciation, bonus depreciation, and Section 179 deductions, you can lower taxes and keep more cash for reinvestment.
By Paul Howard May 16, 2025
Several updates to Florida’s landlord-tenant laws have been implemented or proposed by May 2025,
By Paul Howard February 25, 2025
Fair Housing Law Landlord Responsibilities Federal fair housing laws in the United States, primarily governed by the Fair Housing Act ( FHA ) of 1968, aim to ensure equal access to housing and prohibit discrimination in housing-related activities. The FHA applies to most housing types, including rentals, sales, and financing, with limited exceptions (e.g., certain owner-occupied buildings with four or fewer units or single-family homes sold without a broker). Here’s a summary of the key points and landlord responsibilities:
By Paul Howard February 24, 2025
A Stipulation is used to resolve disputes or address issues without going to court. Especially helpful with overdue rent situations.
By Paul Howard February 17, 2025
Many landlords overlook late and partial rent payment. Neither of these practices are good but it could be worse than you think.
By Paul Howard February 3, 2025
Veteran real estate investors almost never sell their rental property. Instead they borrow against the equity, that's tax free cash!
By Paul Howard September 27, 2024
Rental investors should never pay attention to comps because investors do not buy buildings, they buy return on investment (ROI)
By Paul Howard June 29, 2024
The rules governing security deposits for residential leases are primarily found Chapter 83. Here are the key points:
By Paul Howard June 28, 2024
My Tenant Won’t Let Me Enter the Rental Property What Are My Rights?
By Paul Howard May 18, 2024
There are three federal laws that regulate and define what a service dog is: The Americans with Disabilities Act, the Fair Housing Act and the Air Carrier Access Act. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) defines service dogs as “trained to do work or perform tasks for people with disabilities”. Under the ADA, individuals with a disability include someone with a physical or mental health impairment that limits their life.
By Paul Howard March 7, 2024
Tenants who have a bad rental history or a criminal history need a place to live just like everyone else. These characters know they can’t rent from large, well managed apartment communities because they check references. So, who are they looking for? They are looking for a nice, private landlord who thinks he’s is a good judge of character.
By Paul Howard February 13, 2024
Successful landlords know you make money in the rental business when you select your tenant. If you fail to do your due diligence it can cost you thousands.
By Paul Howard December 13, 2023
Landlords are prohibited from requiring tenants to pay rent in excess of what is authorized by HAP contracts. The Landlord may not demand or accept any rent from the tenant in excess of the contracted.
By Paul Howard December 6, 2023
Tenant Screening is without a doubt, one of the most critical steps in the property management process. A thorough and meticulous screening process can mean the difference between a smooth tenancy and a rental nightmare.
More Posts